In vitro fertilization is the process of artificially fertilizing the egg cells taken from the woman and the sperm cells taken from the man in the laboratory environment and placing the obtained embryo in the mother's womb after it reaches a certain size, following the evaluations made after the couples who have problems conceiving in vitro fertilization apply to the hospital.
In vitro fertilization can be applied in two ways according to the clinical results of the patient. The first is the classical method, IVF "in-vitro fertilization", and the second is ICSI "Microinjection (Intracytoplasmic sperm injection)".
From these two applications, IVF stands for fertilization of the egg by one of the sperm by leaving the sperm taken from the father around the egg taken from the mother in a special environment in the laboratory.
Microinjection is the injection of a live sperm selected from the man into the egg taken from the woman. Today, this method is more preferred.
Who is IVF applied to?
In cases where the couple is not protected and cannot get pregnant within 1 to 2 years despite the desire for a child.
Both tubes are clogged.
Severe infection, ectopic pregnancy, tuberculosis, etc. as,
Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Severe sperm disorder in the male (number, low motility).
Problems caused by the late age factor in women.
The absence of sperm in the semen, in the medical term azoospermia.
Endometriosis is when the endometrioma, which is the inner layer of the uterus, is located outside the uterus, especially in the ovaries, peritoneum and rarely in other parts of the body.
Women with common intra-abdominal adhesions.
In patients with a complex disorder that occurs as a result of abnormal functioning of the ovaries and some glands due to hormonal imbalance in women.
Fibroids (cysts) that cause infertility, although they are known as benign tumors.
Unexplained infertility. (For this reason, the patient is first treated by vaccination, if the result is not obtained, in vitro fertilization is applied.)
What are the stages of IVF?
IVF is a difficult process. After the patients are approved for treatment, the stages of in vitro fertilization are followed step by step and efforts are made to ensure a positive result of the treatment. Although these stages differ in number according to the hospitals, the result and the applied procedures reach the same result.
Phase One: Evaluation of Couples
The first examination begins with the evaluation of the couples. A file is prepared for couples by learning about the problems such as surgery, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage and essential diseases, if any, and the doctor decides on the starting time and type of treatment by adding the required tests and tests, as a result.
Second Stage: Stimulating the ovaries and producing eggs.
In order to create a large number of eggs, an egg-enhancing drug (needle therapy) is applied to the patient. The purpose of this is to obtain a large number of eggs, to have more embryos and to choose the best ones among them and to be placed in the uterus. Therefore, obtaining more than one egg is important in terms of treatment.
Third Stage: It is the egg collection (OPU) process.
After the eggs have achieved the desired development, they are taken from the patient by a process called Opu and stored for fertilization in the laboratory environment. Meanwhile, sperm is also taken from the man. However, from men who cannot give sperm, sperm are obtained with the micro TESE method.
Fourth Stage: Fertilization (IVF or ICSI method)
With the sperm and eggs collected from the sick couples, IVF or ICSI, that is, microinjection, which is one of the methods decided by the doctor in the treatment, is performed.
Fifth Stage: Placement of the embryo in the uterus.
At this final stage, the fertilized eggs stored in the laboratory are placed in the uterus with an operation that takes five to ten minutes. The eggs are transferred to the patient after they are kept in the laboratory for two or three days before being placed in the uterus. At least one and a half weeks after this procedure, a pregnancy test is performed and the occurrence of pregnancy is checked.
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